The 100 Top Cited

The 100 top-cited papers across the IBD-PSC literature, by citation count (NIH Open Citation Collection).

Curated by · Professor of Surgery, Department of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic · Corpus last refreshed · Publications

Ranked from the IBD–primary sclerosing cholangitis literature.

A research reference for clinicians and trainees: rankings are drawn from the published literature, not treatment advice. Always talk with your own care team about what any study means for you.

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1Inflammation and cancer IV. Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: the role of inflammation.
Itzkowitz SH · 2004 · Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
1,020
2Severity of inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal neoplasia in ulcerative colitis.
2004 · Gastroenterology
975
3Intestinal inflammation and cancer.
Ullman TA · 2011 · Gastroenterology
915
4Diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2010 · Hepatology
875
5Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a review of its clinical features, cholangiography, and hepatic histology.
Chapman RW · 1980 · Gut
740
6Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma.
2011 · Hepatology
715
7Primary sclerosing cholangitis - a comprehensive review.
2017 · J Hepatol
670
8Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Concepts, Treatment, and Implications for Disease Management.
2021 · Gastroenterology
659
9Analysis of five chronic inflammatory diseases identifies 27 new associations and highlights disease-specific patterns at shared loci.
2016 · Nat Genet
585
10The First European Evidence-based Consensus on Extra-intestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2016 · J Crohns Colitis
570
11The prevalence of extraintestinal diseases in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study.
2001 · Am J Gastroenterol
567
12Population-based epidemiology, malignancy risk, and outcome of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2013 · Hepatology
560
13PSC-IBD: a unique form of inflammatory bowel disease associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Loftus · 2005 · Gut
558
14Ulcerative Colitis in Adults: A Review.
Gros · 2023 · JAMA
527
15Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2002 · J Hepatol
526
16High-dose ursodeoxycholic acid for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2009 · Hepatology
517
17Primary sclerosing cholangitis: natural history, prognostic factors and survival analysis.
1989 · Hepatology
506
18Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2015 · Inflamm Bowel Dis
501
19Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis with cholangitis: a variant of primary sclerosing cholangitis extensively involving pancreas.
1991 · Hum Pathol
466
20Epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a systematic review.
2012 · J Hepatol
462
21Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2013 · Lancet
454
22Increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis.
2002 · Gastrointest Endosc
439
23Autoimmune hepatitis/sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome in childhood: a 16-year prospective study.
2001 · Hepatology
439
24An update on the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia.
2008 · Am J Gastroenterol
437
25Increasing incidences of inflammatory bowel disease and decreasing surgery rates in Copenhagen City and County, 2003-2005: a population-based study from the Danish Crohn colitis database.
Vind · 2006 · Am J Gastroenterol
430
26Frequency and risk factors for extraintestinal manifestations in the Swiss inflammatory bowel disease cohort.
2011 · Am J Gastroenterol
423
27Decreasing risk of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease over 30 years.
2012 · Gastroenterology
422
28Patient Age, Sex, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Phenotype Associate With Course of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.
Weismüller · 2017 · Gastroenterology
412
29Incidence and risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Burak Kelly · 2004 · Am J Gastroenterol
394
30Ursodeoxycholic acid as a chemopreventive agent in patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2003 · Gastroenterology
393
31Current concepts. Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
1984 · N Engl J Med
373
32Pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis occurs with increased frequency in patients with associated primary sclerosing cholangitis
Penna · 1996 · Gut
371
33ACG Clinical Guideline: Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.
2015 · Am J Gastroenterol
361
34Gut pathobionts underlie intestinal barrier dysfunction and liver T helper 17 cell immune response in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2019 · Nat Microbiol
360
35Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2018 · Lancet
356
36The gut microbial profile in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis is distinct from patients with ulcerative colitis without biliary disease and healthy controls.
2017 · Gut
352
37Risk for colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: changes, causes and management strategies.
2008 · World J Gastroenterol
344
38Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease.
2011 · Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)
340
39Ursodiol use is associated with lower prevalence of colonic neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2001 · Ann Intern Med
337
40Primary sclerosing cholangitis is characterised by intestinal dysbiosis independent from IBD.
2016 · Gut
336
41Primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis: evidence for increased neoplastic potential.
1995 · Hepatology
336
42Diagnosis and management of dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Itzkowitz Steven · 2004 · Gastroenterology
322
43Recent insights into the genetics of inflammatory bowel disease.
Cho JH · 2011 · Gastroenterology
321
44Incidence, clinical spectrum, and outcomes of primary sclerosing cholangitis in a United States community.
2003 · Gastroenterology
320
45Colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, risk factors, mechanisms of carcinogenesis and prevention strategies
Triantafillidis · 2009 · Anticancer Res
318
46Dense genotyping of immune-related disease regions identifies nine new risk loci for primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2013 · Nat Genet
314
47Prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in patients with ulcerative colitis.
1991 · Gastroenterology
311
48Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: the risk, pathogenesis, prevention and diagnosis.
2014 · World J Gastroenterol
309
49Pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis and advances in diagnosis and management.
2013 · Gastroenterology
307
50High lifetime risk of cancer in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2009 · J Hepatol
292
51Neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: a link between primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis.
1991 · Gastroenterology
288
52Primary sclerosing cholangitis: findings on cholangiography and pancreatography.
MacCarty · 1983 · Radiology
286
53Predictive and protective factors associated with colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: A case-control study.
2006 · Gastroenterology
282
54Genome-wide association study of primary sclerosing cholangitis identifies new risk loci and quantifies the genetic relationship with inflammatory bowel disease.
2017 · Nat Genet
281
55Distinct gut microbiota profiles in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis.
2017 · World J Gastroenterol
281
56Genome-wide association analysis in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2010 · Gastroenterology
280
57The intestinal barrier: a pivotal role in health, inflammation, and cancer.
2025 · Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol
279
58Diagnosis and classification of ulcerative colitis.
2014 · Autoimmun Rev
259
59Risk and natural history of colonic neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis.
1996 · Gastroenterology
257
60Hepatic endothelial CCL25 mediates the recruitment of CCR9+ gut-homing lymphocytes to the liver in primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2004 · J Exp Med
256
61Long-term results of patients undergoing liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Graziadei I · 1999 · Hepatology
254
62Guidelines for screening and surveillance of asymptomatic colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
2002 · Gut
253
63Primary sclerosing cholangitis. A study of forty-two cases.
1966 · Am J Surg
250
64The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease.
Burisch · 2015 · Scand J Gastroenterol
246
65Elevated serum IgG4 concentration in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2006 · Am J Gastroenterol
244
66Non-alcoholic duct destructive chronic pancreatitis.
1997 · Gut
244
67Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a long-term follow-up study.
Aadland E · 1987 · Scand J Gastroenterol
242
68Orthotopic liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis. A 12-year single center experience.
Goss · 1997 · Ann Surg
240
69Cancer in inflammatory bowel disease
Xie · 2008 · World J Gastroenterol
238
70Molecular Pathogenesis of Cholangiocarcinoma.
2019 · BMC Cancer
236
71Cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a multicenter case-control study.
2000 · Hepatology
236
72Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: a still-growing class of autoantibodies in inflammatory disorders.
1992 · Am J Med
232
73Inflammation is an independent risk factor for colonic neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis: a case-control study.
2013 · Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
230
74The Nonsteroidal Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist Cilofexor (GS-9674) Improves Markers of Cholestasis and Liver Injury in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.
2019 · Hepatology
230
75Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Stidham Ryan · 2018 · Clin Colon Rectal Surg
229
76Association of primary sclerosing cholangitis with HLA-B8.
1983 · Gut
227
77Relationship of inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
1991 · Semin Liver Dis
224
78Association of extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in a province of western Hungary with disease phenotype: results of a 25-year follow-up study.
2003 · World J Gastroenterol
223
79MAdCAM-1 expressed in chronic inflammatory liver disease supports mucosal lymphocyte adhesion to hepatic endothelium (MAdCAM-1 in chronic inflammatory liver disease).
2001 · Hepatology
221
80Cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis: risk factors and clinical presentation.
2002 · Scand J Gastroenterol
221
81Ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer.
Yashiro M · 2014 · World J Gastroenterol
218
82Cancer surveillance in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2011 · Hepatology
218
83Gut Microbiome Directs Hepatocytes to Recruit MDSCs and Promote Cholangiocarcinoma.
2021 · Cancer Discov
217
84A re-evaluation of the risk factors for the recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in liver allografts.
Alabraba · 2009 · Liver Transpl
216
85The risk for cancer or dysplasia in ulcerative colitis patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Shetty K · 1999 · Am J Gastroenterol
214
86Natural history of primary sclerosing cholangitis and prognostic value of cholangiography in a Dutch population.
2002 · Gut
214
87Morphologic features of chronic hepatitis associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and chronic ulcerative colitis.
1981 · Hepatology
210
88Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.
2010 · Ann Med
207
89Identification of Helicobacter pylori and other Helicobacter species by PCR, hybridization, and partial DNA sequencing in human liver samples from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis or primary biliary cirrhosis.
2000 · J Clin Microbiol
202
90The epidemiology and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
2000 · Eur J Radiol
201
91Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia: an international interobserver agreement study and proposal for diagnostic criteria.
2007 · Mod Pathol
201
92Quantitative microbiome profiling disentangles inflammation- and bile duct obstruction-associated microbiota alterations across PSC/IBD diagnoses.
2019 · Nat Microbiol
200
93Primary sclerosing cholangitis, the biliary tree, and ulcerative colitis.
1967 · Gut
200
94Risk factors and clinical presentation of hepatobiliary carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: a case-control study.
1998 · Hepatology
198
95Prognostic Factors for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
2021 · Gastroenterology
195
96Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Pilot Clinical Trial.
2019 · Am J Gastroenterol
195
97High-dose ursodeoxycholic acid is associated with the development of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis.
2011 · Am J Gastroenterol
195
98Chronological Order of Appearance of Extraintestinal Manifestations Relative to the Time of IBD Diagnosis in the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort.
Vavricka SR · 2015 · Inflamm Bowel Dis
194
99Genome-wide association analysis in primary sclerosing cholangitis identifies two non-HLA susceptibility loci.
2011 · Nat Genet
189
100The burden of large and small duct primary sclerosing cholangitis in adults and children: a population-based analysis.
2007 · Am J Gastroenterol
186